Key ESR Terrazzo

Environmental Impact

Product Details

Description

Bio-based (BPA-free) decorative terrazzo flooring system with aggregates trowel-applied at 3/8" thickness, then ground and polished. Red List free per Living Building Challenge. Antimicrobial, durable, and designed for long-service-life commercial applications.

Lifecycle Breakdown

Method: IPCC AR5 GWP 100

EPD PDF Document

SmartEPD-2026-096-0821-01Date of IssueApr 14, 2026Expiration DateApr 14, 2031Last UpdatedApr 14, 2026Refer to the EPD Library at www.smartepd.com for the latest EPD listing information

General InformationKey Resin Company4050 Clough Woods Dr, Batavia, OH 45103(513) 943-4225sales@keyresin.comwww.keyresin.comProduct Name:Key ESR TerrazzoFunctional Unit:1 m2 of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 yearsDeclaration Number:SmartEPD-2026-096-0821-01Date of Issue:April 14, 2026Expiration:April 14, 2031Last updated:April 14, 2026EPD Scope:Cradle to graveA1 - A3, A4, A5, B1 - B7, C1 - C4, DMarket(s) of Applicability:North AmericaGeneral Organization InformationKey Resin Company is a well-known manufacturer, specialized on resinous flooring and high-performance wall coatings. Key Resin Company serves adiverse client base across various industries, including industrial, manufacturing, food and beverage processing, healthcare and pharmaceutical, education,government, institutions, public spaces, and commercial and hospitality.Further information can be found at:https://www.keyresin.com/Limitations, Liability and OwnershipIn order to support comparative assertions, this EPD meets all comparability requirements stated in ISO 14025:2006. However, differences in certainassumptions, data quality, and variability between LCA data sets may still exist. As such, caution should be exercised when evaluating EPDs from differentmanufacturers or programs, as the EPD results may not be entirely comparable. Any EPD comparison must be carried out at the construction works level perISO 21930:2017 guidelines. The results of this EPD reflect an average performance by the product and its actual impacts may vary on a case-to-case basis.Reference StandardsStandard(s):ISO 14025 and ISO 21930:2017PCR:NSF PCR for Resinous Floor CoatingsDate of issue: December 17, 2018Valid until: June 30, 2026PCR review panel:Contact Smart EPD for more information.General Program Instructions:Smart EPD General Program Instructions v.2.0, March 2025Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 2 / 19

Verification InformationLCA Author/Creator:Samuel Fafelsamuel@parqhq.comEPD Program Operator:Smart EPDinfo@smartepd.comwww.smartepd.com585 Grove St., Ste. 145, Herndon, VA 20170, USAVerification:Independent critical review of the LCA and data, according to ISO 14044 andISO 14071:ExternalMari Kirssmari.kirss@meetripuu.eeIndependent external verification of EPD, according to ISO 14025 andreference PCR(s):ExternalMari Kirssmari.kirss@meetripuu.eeProduct InformationFunctional Unit:1 m2 of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 yearsMass:5.45 kgReference Service Life:30 YearsProduct Specificity:Product AverageProduct SpecificProduct DescriptionKEY ESR TERRAZZO is a resinous decorative flooring system, consisting of a bio-based pigmented resin matrix mixed with a wide selection of decorativeaggregates and trowel applied to 3/8” nominal thickness followed with grinding, polishing and sealing. The polymer matrix consists of BPA-free resin anddoes not contain substances listed on the Living Building Challenge (LBC) Red List. KEY ESR TERRAZZO does not support bacterial or fungal growth, andprovides outstanding durability and wear, contributing to long service life and reduced maintenance over time in building applications.Further information can be found at:https://www.keyresin.com/products/decorative/key-epoxy-terrazzo/Product SpecificationsProduct SKU(s):Key ESR TerrazzoProduct Classification Codes:EC3 - Finishes -> Flooring -> OtherFlooringCoating Type:Mortar / monolithic / terrazzo floor coatingOptions:CommercialEstimated market service life:30 yearsEstimated technical service life:60 yearsKey ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 3 / 19

Material CompositionMaterial/Component CategoryOrigin% MassPlasticizerUS< 10Rheology AdditiveUS< 10additivesUS< 10curing agentUS16 - 24diluentUS< 10fillerUS< 10pigmentUS< 10resin-binderUS50 - 76rheology modifierUS< 10Packaging MaterialOriginkg MassPlastic pail product0.22Steel pail packaging0.84Hazardous Materials1,3-Cyclohexanedimethanamine (2579-20-6)Poly(oxypropylene) diamine (9046-10-0)Isophoronediamine (2855-13-2)Epoxidated acrylic copolymer (51541-08-3)Calcium Carbonate (Limestone) (1317-65-3)Amorphous silica (7631-86-9)Benzyl alcohol (100-51-6)Petroleum naphtha, heavy alkylate (64741-65-7)Glycerine (56-81-5)1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene (95-63-6 )EPD Data SpecificityPrimary Data Year:Jun 1, 2024 - May 31, 2025Manufacturing Specificity:Industry AverageKey ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 4 / 19

Manufacturer AverageFacility SpecificAveraging:Products of the same composition and properties are manufactured at different facilities. A weighted average of production volume at each facility has beenutilized for calculation purposes.System BoundaryProductionA1Raw material supplyA2TransportA3ManufacturingConstructionA4Transport to siteA5Assembly / InstallUseB1UseB2MaintenanceB3RepairB4ReplacementB5RefurbishmentB6Operational Energy UseB7Operational Water UseEnd of LifeC1DeconstructionC2TransportC3Waste ProcessingC4DisposalBenefits & Loads BeyondSystem BoundaryDRecycling, Reuse Recovery PotentialNote:ND = Module not declaredKey ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 5 / 19

PlantsKey Resin, Batavia, OH4050 Clough Woods Drive, Batavia, OH 45103, USAKey Resin Phoenix4330 N 43rd Ave, Phoenix, AZ 85031, USAProduct Flow DiagramSoftware And DatabaseLCA Software:SimaPro v. 10.2LCI Foreground Database(s):Ecoinvent v. 3.9.1Cut-off by ClassificationLCI Background Database(s):Ecoinvent v. 3.9.1Cut-off by ClassificationKey ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 6 / 19

A foreground LCI database is the database used to model the primary, site-specific data collected for this EPD. A background LCI database is the databaseused to model generic or non-specific data.Data QualityThe quality of inventory data is evaluated based on several criteria, including precision, completeness, consistency, and representativeness. The analysisfollows the data quality level and criteria of the UN Environment Global Guidance on LCA database development. Based on these factors, the overall dataquality is rated as "Good”.Precision and completeness:Precision (Very Good): The inventory data used in this study were either directly measured, calculated, or estimated based on primary data sources,ensuring high precision. Background data from Ecoinvent v3.9.1 database also has documented precision to the extent available.Completeness (Very Good): The product system's mass balance and inventory completeness were thoroughly checked. Some exclusions were made inline with the PCR requirements, such as personnel impacts, R&D activities, business travel, secondary packaging, point of sale infrastructure, and thecoating applicator. However, no data was intentionally omitted.Consistency and reproducibility:Consistency (Good): Primary data were collected with a similar level of detail, while background data primarily came from the Ecoinvent database, withother databases used only if necessary or more representative. The modeling approach and other methodological choices were applied consistentlythroughout the model.Reproducibility (Very Good): This study ensures reproducibility by providing comprehensive disclosure of input-output data, dataset choices, andmodeling approaches. A knowledgeable third party should be able to approximate the results using the same data and modeling methods.Representativeness (Good):Temporal: Primary data were collected for the totality of the reference study period to ensure the representativeness. Secondary data from theecoinvent v3.9.1 database is typically representative of recent years, a detailed data quality analysis following ISO 21930 was performed on thebackground database and is available at request.Geographical: Primary data represents Key Resin's production facilities in Batavia, OH, and Phoenix, AZ. Regional differences in electric grid mix wereconsidered using appropriate secondary data. Country-specific data ensures high geographical representativeness, with proxy data used only whennecessary.Technological (Good): Both primary and secondary data were tailored to the specific technologies studied, ensuring high technologicalrepresentativeness.Life Cycle Module DescriptionThe production stage (A1-A3) starts with the reception of raw materials, typically in the form of chemical packages (cans, plastic pails, plastic drums,supersacks, bags, etc). Next, the raw materials are mixed to form resins and additives. Non-hazardous waste, consisting mainly of packaging wastematerials, is sent for disposal, incineration, and/or recycling. Hazardous waste consists of manufacturing product losses. The construction stage (A4-A5)starts with the packaged and finished coating leaving the production site and ends with the finished coating being installed/applied and cured onto theflooring substrate at the site. Impacts include VOC emissions from curing, product packaging disposal, and upstream production stage impacts associatedwith the ~2% of the wet mass of the coating that remains unused. The use stage (B1-B7) begins after the resinous floor coating has fully cured afterinstallation and continues until the product reaches its end-of-life stage. Impacts include all cleaning and necessary recoating events during the servicelifetime. End-of-life (C1-C4) was modeled according to PCR descriptions. Product at the end of life is sent to landfill. Unused solvent-based coatings areincinerated for energy recovery and water-based coatings are sent to landfill. Finally, impacts beyond system boundaries (Module D) include energyrecovered from unused product incineration (C3) and the recycling of packaging materials (A5). Modules B3, B5, B6, and B7 are assumed to have zeroimpact for this product.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 7 / 19

Service LifetimeRegarding the Service Lifetime listed under the sections of Product Information, Production Specification and Replacement (B4), please be aware that thisproduct is not applied as a stand-alone flooring product. It is a part of a multi-component resinous flooring system. The service life is based on typicalflooring systems selected from several general categories by referring to the PCR, including the following examples: thin-film coating, slurry, or mortar.Service life is also based on the flooring application type, e.g., commercial versus industrial.LCA DiscussionAllocation ProcedureAllocation of co-products was avoided, to the extent it was possible, based on the guidance given in ISO 14044:2006 and ISO 21930:2017. Energy use,water consumption, and VOC emissions at the Batavia, OH and Phoenix, AZ facilities were allocated by mass. Solid waste was estimated using packagingmasses and material losses, and allocated following the polluter pays principle.Cut-off ProcedureThe system boundary was defined based on relevance to the goal of the study. For the raw material (A1) and process related inputs (A3), all availableenergy and material flow data have been included in the model. Exclusions allowed by the PCR such as secondary and tertiary packaging, wereimplemented.Renewable ElectricityEnergy Attribute Certificates (EACs) such asRenewable Energy Certificates (RECs) or PowerPurchase Agreements (PPAs) are included in thebaseline reported results:NoScenariosTransport to the building/construction site (A4)A4 ModuleFuel Type:DieselVehicle Type:Truck and TrailerTransport Distance:1600 kmCapacity Utilization:33 %Packaging Mass:1.06 kgWeight of products transported:6.51 kgCapacity utilization volume factor:1Assumptions for scenario development:Transport distance includes finished product to distribution center and distribution center to pointof sale.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 8 / 19

Installation in to the building/construction site (A5)A5 ModuleInstallation Scrap Rate Assumed:2 %Product Lost per Declared/Functional Unit:0.109 kgMass of Packaging Waste Specified by Type:1.06 kgAssumptions for scenario development:Use (B1)B1 ModuleUse Conditions:Once the product is cured, the use stage starts. No impacts associated with this module have been calculated.Maintenance (B2)B2 ModuleMaintenance Cycle:110 Cycles/RSL220 Cycles/ESLNet Fresh Water Consumption Specified by WaterSource and Fate:0.83 m3Ancillary Materials Specified by Type:1.32 kgMaintenance Process Information:As per the PCR, "220 cleaning events shall be reported in module B2 of the LCA and subsequentEPD." The cleaning solution contains 2.5% of a nonionic surfactant.Replacement (B4)B4 ModuleReference Service Life:30 YearsReplacement Cycle:1 (ESL/RSL)-1Replacement of Worn Parts:5.45 kgFurther assumptions for scenario development:Values assume market service lifeEnd of Life (C1 - C4)C1 - C4 ModulesRecoveryLandfill:10.90 kgAssumptions for scenario development:According to the ecoinvent 3.9.1 process “treatment of waste paint,” the incineration of unused product at installation achieves a gross thermal efficiencyof 74.4% and a gross electrical efficiency of 10%.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 9 / 19

ResultsEnvironmental Impact Assessment ResultsIPCC AR5 GWP 100, TRACI 2.1per 1 m2 of product of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 years.LCIA results are relative expressions and do not predict impacts on category endpoints, the exceeding of thresholds, safety margins or risks.Market service lifetimeImpact CategoryUnitMethodA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DGWP-totalkg CO2-eqIPCC AR5GWP 1003.81e+11.10e+03.27e+006.14e+004.25e+100003.76e-27.90e-12.21e+0-3.24e+0ODPkg CFC-11 eqTRACI 2.15.47e-41.89e-81.09e-501.85e-705.58e-400006.46e-105.40e-96.06e-8-7.10e-8APkg SO2 eqTRACI 2.11.91e-13.51e-34.44e-302.34e-201.99e-100001.20e-45.18e-47.66e-3-1.13e-2EPkg N eqTRACI 2.15.76e-29.70e-41.75e-302.87e-206.03e-200003.31e-53.35e-47.64e-3-1.08e-2POCPkg O3 eqTRACI 2.11.91e+08.05e-25.63e-203.24e-102.05e+000002.75e-36.81e-31.24e-1-1.76e-1Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:GWP = Global Warming Potential, 100 years (may also be denoted as GWP-total, GWP-fossil (fossil fuels), GWP-biogenic (biogenic sources), GWP-luluc (land use and land use change)), ODP = Ozone Depletion Potential, AP = Acidification Potential, EP = Eutrophication Potential, SFP =Smog Formation Potential, POCP = Photochemical oxidant creation potential, ADP-Fossil = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources, ADP-Minerals&Metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources, WDP = Water deprivation potential, PM = Particular Matter Emissions,IRP = Ionizing radiation, human health, ETP-fw = Eco-toxicity (freshwater), HTP-c = Human toxicity (cancer), HTP-nc = Human toxicity (non-cancer), SQP = Soil quality index.The estimated service life under this scenario is 30.0 years.Comparisons cannot be made between product-specific or industry average EPDs at the design stage of a project, before a building has been specified. Comparisons may be made between product-specificor industry average EPDs at the time of product purchase when product performance and specifications have been established and serve as a functional unit for comparison. Environmental impact resultsshall be converted to a functional unit basis before any comparison is attempted. Any comparison of EPDs shall be subject to the requirements of ISO 21930 or EN 15804. EPDs are not comparativeassertions and are either not comparable or have limited comparability when they have different system boundaries. EPDs are not comparative assertions and are either not comparable or have limitedcomparability when they have different system boundaries, are based on different product category rules or are missing relevant environmental impacts. Such comparison can be inaccurate, and could lead toerroneous selection of materials or products which are higher-impact, at least in some impact categories.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 10 / 19

Technical service lifetimeImpact CategoryUnitMethodA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DGWP-totalkg CO2-eqIPCC AR5GWP 1003.81e+11.10e+03.27e+006.14e+00000001.88e-23.95e-11.11e+0-1.62e+0ODPkg CFC-11 eqTRACI 2.15.47e-41.89e-81.09e-501.85e-70000003.23e-102.70e-93.03e-8-3.55e-8APkg SO2 eqTRACI 2.11.91e-13.51e-34.44e-302.34e-20000006.00e-52.59e-43.83e-3-5.65e-3EPkg N eqTRACI 2.15.76e-29.70e-41.75e-302.87e-20000001.66e-51.67e-43.82e-3-5.38e-3POCPkg O3 eqTRACI 2.11.91e+08.05e-25.63e-203.24e-10000001.38e-33.41e-36.22e-2-8.78e-2Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:GWP = Global Warming Potential, 100 years (may also be denoted as GWP-total, GWP-fossil (fossil fuels), GWP-biogenic (biogenic sources), GWP-luluc (land use and land use change)), ODP = Ozone Depletion Potential, AP = Acidification Potential, EP = Eutrophication Potential, SFP =Smog Formation Potential, POCP = Photochemical oxidant creation potential, ADP-Fossil = Abiotic depletion potential for fossil resources, ADP-Minerals&Metals = Abiotic depletion potential for non-fossil resources, WDP = Water deprivation potential, PM = Particular Matter Emissions,IRP = Ionizing radiation, human health, ETP-fw = Eco-toxicity (freshwater), HTP-c = Human toxicity (cancer), HTP-nc = Human toxicity (non-cancer), SQP = Soil quality index.The estimated service life under this scenario is 60.0 years.Comparisons cannot be made between product-specific or industry average EPDs at the design stage of a project, before a building has been specified. Comparisons may be made between product-specificor industry average EPDs at the time of product purchase when product performance and specifications have been established and serve as a functional unit for comparison. Environmental impact resultsshall be converted to a functional unit basis before any comparison is attempted. Any comparison of EPDs shall be subject to the requirements of ISO 21930 or EN 15804. EPDs are not comparativeassertions and are either not comparable or have limited comparability when they have different system boundaries. EPDs are not comparative assertions and are either not comparable or have limitedcomparability when they have different system boundaries, are based on different product category rules or are missing relevant environmental impacts. Such comparison can be inaccurate, and could lead toerroneous selection of materials or products which are higher-impact, at least in some impact categories.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 11 / 19

Resource Use Indicatorper 1 m2 of product of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 years.Market service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DRPREMJ1.69e+12.03e-13.61e-105.33e+101.74e+100006.93e-32.08e-28.63e+0-2.74e+0RPRMMJ3.14e-106.29e-30003.21e-100000000RPRTMJ1.75e+12.03e-13.74e-105.33e+101.81e+100006.93e-32.08e-28.63e+0-2.74e+0NRPREMJ5.71e+21.60e+11.23e+108.81e+105.99e+200005.46e-13.54e+02.47e+1-3.76e+1NRPRMMJ6.42e+101.28e+00006.55e+10000000-1.28e+0NRPRTMJ6.99e+21.60e+11.48e+108.81e+107.30e+200005.46e-13.54e+02.47e+1-4.02e+1ADPFMJ8.35e+12.25e+01.78e+001.03e+108.75e+100007.67e-25.27e-11.52e+0-2.90e+0FWm32.90e-12.09e-39.41e-301.07e+003.02e-100007.14e-53.50e-41.06e-2-1.43e-2REMJ000000000000000NRSFMJ000000000000000RSFMJ000000000000000SMkg000000000000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:RPRE or PERE = Renewable primary resources used as energy carrier (fuel), RPRM or PERM = Renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, RPRT or PERT = Total use of renewable primary resources with energy content, NRPRE or PENRE = Non-renewableprimary resources used as an energy carrier (fuel), NRPRM or PENRM = Non-renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, NRPRT or PENRT = Total non-renewable primary resources with energy content, SM = Secondary materials, RSF = Renewable secondaryfuels, NRSF = Non-renewable secondary fuels, RE = Recovered energy, ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential, FW = Use of net freshwater resources, VOCs = Volatile Organic Compounds.The estimated service life under this scenario is 30.0 years. Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 12 / 19

Technical service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DRPREMJ1.69e+12.03e-13.61e-105.33e+10000003.46e-31.04e-24.32e+0-1.37e+0RPRMMJ3.14e-106.29e-3000000000000RPRTMJ1.75e+12.03e-13.74e-105.33e+10000003.46e-31.04e-24.32e+0-1.37e+0NRPREMJ5.71e+21.60e+11.23e+108.81e+10000002.73e-11.77e+01.24e+1-1.88e+1NRPRMMJ6.42e+101.28e+000000000000-6.39e-1NRPRTMJ6.99e+21.60e+11.48e+108.81e+10000002.73e-11.77e+01.24e+1-2.01e+1ADPFMJ8.35e+12.25e+01.78e+001.03e+10000003.84e-22.64e-17.61e-1-1.45e+0FWm32.90e-12.09e-39.41e-301.07e+00000003.57e-51.75e-45.32e-3-7.17e-3REMJ000000000000000NRSFMJ000000000000000RSFMJ000000000000000SMkg000000000000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:RPRE or PERE = Renewable primary resources used as energy carrier (fuel), RPRM or PERM = Renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, RPRT or PERT = Total use of renewable primary resources with energy content, NRPRE or PENRE = Non-renewableprimary resources used as an energy carrier (fuel), NRPRM or PENRM = Non-renewable primary resources with energy content used as material, NRPRT or PENRT = Total non-renewable primary resources with energy content, SM = Secondary materials, RSF = Renewable secondaryfuels, NRSF = Non-renewable secondary fuels, RE = Recovered energy, ADPF = Abiotic depletion potential, FW = Use of net freshwater resources, VOCs = Volatile Organic Compounds.The estimated service life under this scenario is 60.0 years. Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 13 / 19

Waste and Output Flow Indicatorsper 1 m2 of product of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 years.Market service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DHWDkg9.65e-301.93e-40009.84e-3000002.18e-11.09e+10NHWDkg2.06e-105.31e-10007.38e-100000000MRkg2.43e-105.04e-10007.47e-100000000MERkg5.13e-303.40e-20003.91e-200000000ILLRWm3000000000000000HLLRWm3000000000000000CRUkg000000000000000EEMJ1.58e-101.05e+00001.20e+0000006.71e+000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:HWD = Hazardous waste disposed, NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed, RWD = Radioactive waste disposed, HLRW = High-level radioactive waste, ILLRW = Intermediate- and low-level radioactive waste, CRU = Components for re-use, MFR or MR = Materials for recycling, MER= Materials for energy recovery, MNER = Materials for incineration, no energy recovery, EE or EEE = Recovered energy exported from the product system, EET = Exported thermal energy.The estimated service life under this scenario is 30.0 years. Significant data limitations currently exist within the LCI data used to generate waste metrics for Life Cycle Assessments and Environmental ProductDeclarations. The waste metrics were calculated in a way conformant with the requirements of ISO 21930:2017, but these values represent rough estimates and are for informational purposes only. As such,no decisions regarding actual cradle-grave waste performance between products should be derived from these reported values.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 14 / 19

Technical service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DHWDkg9.65e-301.93e-40000000001.09e-15.45e+00NHWDkg2.06e-105.31e-1000000000000MRkg2.43e-105.04e-1000000000000MERkg5.13e-303.40e-2000000000000ILLRWm3000000000000000HLLRWm3000000000000000CRUkg000000000000000EEMJ1.58e-101.05e+00000000003.36e+000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:HWD = Hazardous waste disposed, NHWD = Non-hazardous waste disposed, RWD = Radioactive waste disposed, HLRW = High-level radioactive waste, ILLRW = Intermediate- and low-level radioactive waste, CRU = Components for re-use, MFR or MR = Materials for recycling, MER= Materials for energy recovery, MNER = Materials for incineration, no energy recovery, EE or EEE = Recovered energy exported from the product system, EET = Exported thermal energy.The estimated service life under this scenario is 60.0 years. Significant data limitations currently exist within the LCI data used to generate waste metrics for Life Cycle Assessments and Environmental ProductDeclarations. The waste metrics were calculated in a way conformant with the requirements of ISO 21930:2017, but these values represent rough estimates and are for informational purposes only. As such,no decisions regarding actual cradle-grave waste performance between products should be derived from these reported values.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 15 / 19

Carbon Emissions and Removalsper 1 m2 of product of covered and protected flooring surface for a period of 60 years.Market service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DBio Carbon Removal fromProductkg CO2-2.50e-20-5.00e-4000-2.55e-200000000Bio Carbon Emission fromProductkg CO24.43e-5000000000001.00e-35.00e-20Bio Carbon Removal fromPackagingkg CO2000000000000000Bio Carbon Emission fromPackagingkg CO2000000000000000Bio Carbon Emission from Wasteduring Manufacturing (renewablesource)kg CO2000000000000000Calcination Carbon Removalkg CO2000000000000000Carbonation Carbon Emissionkg CO2000000000000000Carbon Emission from Wasteduring Manufacturing (non-renewable source)kg CO2000000000000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:BCRP = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Product, BCEP = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Product, BCRK = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Packaging, BCEK = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Packaging, BCEW = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Combustion of Waste from RenewableSources Used in Production Processes, CCE = Calcination Carbon Emissions, CCR = Carbonation Carbon Removals, CWNR = Carbon Emissions from Combustion of Waste from Non-Renewable Sources used in Production Processes, GWP-luc = Carbon Emissions from Land-use Change.The estimated service life under this scenario is 30.0 years.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 16 / 19

Technical service lifetimeIndicatorUnitA1 - A3A4A5B1B2B3B4B5B6B7C1C2C3C4DBio Carbon Removal fromProductkg CO2-2.50e-20-5.00e-4000000000000Bio Carbon Emission fromProductkg CO24.43e-5000000000005.00e-42.50e-20Bio Carbon Removal fromPackagingkg CO2000000000000000Bio Carbon Emission fromPackagingkg CO2000000000000000Bio Carbon Emission from Wasteduring Manufacturing (renewablesource)kg CO2000000000000000Calcination Carbon Removalkg CO2000000000000000Carbonation Carbon Emissionkg CO2000000000000000Carbon Emission from Wasteduring Manufacturing (non-renewable source)kg CO2000000000000000Note:Not all abbreviated indicators listed below may be present in the results above. The inclusion of indicators varies based on PCR requirements.Abbreviations:BCRP = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Product, BCEP = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Product, BCRK = Biogenic Carbon Removal from Packaging, BCEK = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Packaging, BCEW = Biogenic Carbon Emission from Combustion of Waste from RenewableSources Used in Production Processes, CCE = Calcination Carbon Emissions, CCR = Carbonation Carbon Removals, CWNR = Carbon Emissions from Combustion of Waste from Non-Renewable Sources used in Production Processes, GWP-luc = Carbon Emissions from Land-use Change.The estimated service life under this scenario is 60.0 years.Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 17 / 19

InterpretationRaw materials are sourced from suppliers, transported to manufacturing facilities, and mixed to produce products. The product stage (A1-A3) drives theenvironmental impact, due to raw material production and energy use. These impacts are amplified in the use phase due to recoatings, making B4 thelargest contributor to the overall impact. Market and Technical service life scenarios differ depending on assumed estimated service life (ESL), with lowerimpacts for longer-lived products. Those scenarios are constructed using PCR prescriptions that are highly conservative, as they assume the replacement ofthe full coating system. End-of-life impacts are relatively low, as products are assumed to be landfilled with building demolition waste. Switching torenewable energy is advised for products with high manufacturing energy demands. The manufacturer should explore lower-impact raw materials and workwith suppliers using sustainable methods or renewable energy to enhance product sustainability.\0%20%40%60%80%100%GWP-TotalIPCC AR5 GWP 100ODPTRACI 2.1APTRACI 2.1EPTRACI 2.1POCPTRACI 2.1Production (A1 - A3)Construction (A4 - A5)Use (B1 - B7)End of Life (C1 - C4)Additional Environmental InformationKey Resin is a proud member of the U.S. Green Building Council and adhere to its LEED Standards.ReferencesPARQ. (2025). PARQ Core Life Cycle Assessment Model – Internal Report: Version 1.0.NSF International. (2025). Product Category Rules for Environmental Product Declarations for Resinous Floor Coatings.International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2017). ISO 21930:2017 – Sustainability in buildings and civil engineering works – Core rules forenvironmental product declarations of construction products and services. Geneva: ISO.IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC. (Methodology for 100-year GWP factors in AR5)PARQ. (2025). Adaptation of Generic Core LCA Model for Resinous Floor Coatings (Aligned with NSF 111-2025 PCR): Version 1.0.International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2006). ISO 14040:2006 – Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles andframework. Geneva: ISO. (Amendment 1:2020; confirmed current 2022)International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2006). ISO 14044:2006 – Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Requirements andguidelines. Geneva: ISO. (Amendments 1:2017 and 2:2020 included; confirmed current 2022)International Organization for Standardization (ISO). (2006). ISO 14025:2006 – Environmental labels and declarations – Type III environmental declarations –Principles and procedures. Geneva: ISOPARQ. (2025). Verifier Dashboard v3.0.0 Manual.EPA Materials Management 2014 Fact Sheet, Table 2: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-11/documents/2014_smmfactsheet_508.pdf(Accessed May 2023)Plastics and pulp rates from EPA National Overview: Facts and Figures on Materials, Wastes and Recycling https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/national-overview-facts-and-figures-materials#recycling (Accessed May 2023)Key ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 18 / 19

American Center for Life Cycle Assessment. (2019). ACLCA guidance to calculating non-LCIA inventory metrics in accordance with ISO 21930:2017.https://aclca.org/aclca-iso-21930-guidance/Smart EPD. (2025). General Program Instructions: Smart EPD® Program (Version 2.0). https://smartepd.com/assets/SmartEPD_GPIs_v2.0_03-11-2025.4d2a6ff1.pdfUNEP (2011). GLOBAL GUIDANCE PRINCIPLES FOR LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT DATABASES. A basis for greener processes and products, ‘Shonan GuidancePrinciples’ United Nations Environment Programme, 2011; ISBN: 978-92-807-3174-3 https://www.lifecycleinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/2011 -Global Guidance Principles.pdfKey ESR TerrazzoKey Resin CompanyPage 19 / 19